Who is classified as an American Indian?

The classification of an American Indian primarily revolves around formal recognition and affiliation with federally recognized tribes. A person who is a registered member of a federally recognized tribe is acknowledged by the federal government, which confers specific legal statuses, rights, and benefits. Registration involves a formal process that verifies the individual's heritage, lineage, and connection to an established tribe.

This distinction is crucial because federally recognized tribes have unique rights and responsibilities under U.S. law, and their members often have access to various programs and support designed for indigenous populations. Therefore, the classification emphasizes not just cultural identity but a formal recognition that ties individuals to a specific legal framework.

While identifying with indigenous culture, living on native land, or having tribal ancestry may reflect personal or cultural connections to Native American heritage, they do not provide the same legal status and benefits that come with being a registered member of a federally recognized tribe. Hence, the criteria for classification hinge on official membership and recognition.