Which of the following methods is NOT included in the transmission of bloodborne pathogens?

The method that is not included in the transmission of bloodborne pathogens is contact with intact skin. Bloodborne pathogens, such as HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C, are primarily transmitted through direct exposure to infected blood or bodily fluids.

Blood to blood contact, blood to mucous membranes, and piercing with contaminated sharps represent direct methods of exposure where the pathogens can enter the bloodstream and lead to infection. In contrast, intact skin serves as a natural barrier that protects the underlying tissues from pathogens. Unless the skin is broken, infected blood or fluids do not have a means of entering the body through intact skin, making this method not a recognized route of transmission for bloodborne pathogens.