What is a Habeas Corpus Petition?

A Habeas Corpus Petition is an essential legal instrument used to challenge the legality of an individual's detention or imprisonment. It asserts that a person is being held without proper legal justification, effectively providing a mechanism to address potential violations of constitutional rights. This process ensures that individuals have the right to contest their detention before a court, allowing for a review of the circumstances surrounding their confinement and the legal grounds for it.

While the other options describe different legal concepts, they do not accurately convey the primary purpose of a Habeas Corpus Petition. For instance, a request for parole involves seeking early release from imprisonment based on good behavior or other considerations, but it does not address the legality of the original detention. Likewise, a petition for clemency seeks mercy or a reduction in the severity of a sentence rather than questioning the validity of the detention itself. Finally, an inmate grievance is a method for an incarcerated individual to address complaints regarding conditions of confinement or treatment by staff, which again does not relate to the legal challenge of being held without sufficient cause.

Therefore, the correct answer encapsulates the fundamental role that Habeas Corpus plays in protecting individual rights against unlawful detention.