What differentiates TB Infection from Active TB?

The differentiation between TB Infection and Active TB is primarily based on the presence of symptoms and infectiousness. In the case of Active TB, individuals will typically exhibit noticeable symptoms such as a persistent cough, fever, weight loss, and night sweats. These symptoms indicate that the bacteria are actively causing disease, and this form of TB is also contagious, meaning it can spread to others through the air when an infected person coughs or sneezes.

In contrast, TB Infection refers to a state where the individual has been exposed to the TB bacteria but does not show symptoms, and the bacteria are not actively causing illness. Individuals with TB Infection do not spread the bacteria to others. This state is often referred to as latent TB, where the bacteria are dormant and not causing harm to the host's health.

Consequently, understanding this distinction is vital for effective diagnosis, treatment, and public health measures in managing tuberculosis.